Hydrocarbon motor



May 7, 1929. L.. M. wooLsoN I v HYDROCARBON MGTOR Fild Aug. 15

I N VEN TOR. [fo/zel if.' l/o/fofr,

TTORNEY.

Patented May 7, 1929.

y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LIONEL M. 'WOOLSON, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD MOTOR CARCOMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

Application led August 15, 1921. Serial No. 492,266.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon motors and particularly to meansfor supplying mixture to the motor and for heating the mixture.

5, One of the objects of the present invention is to provide ahydrocarbon motor with a simple and eflicient form of combustion heater,one which may be readily installed upon a motor already built, and onewhich will lo take upl very little room on the motor.

Another-object of the invention is to provide vmixture withdrawing meansfor a combustion heater so arranged that the best mixture for thepurpose may be obtained i throughout a rather wide range of throttleopening.

Other objects .of the invention will appear from the followingdescription taken in connection with the drawings which form a part ofthis speciication, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a portion of a hydrocarbon motorembodying the invention;

Fig. 2 isa vertical transverse section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and

F ig. 3 is a vertical section approximately on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, represents a, cylinder block of a hydrocarbonmotor, which block may com rise several cylinders or in some casespossibly Vonly one cylinder. The intake conduit or passage of thecylinder block is indicated at 11.

A carburetor of the type used on the Hud# Y son motor is indicated at 12and it cornprises the usual air intake 13, a gasoline or fuel nozzle 14,and a movable valve 15 which regulates both the air passage and theopening of the 0asoline nozzle. This valve is 1n the form o a piston 16closed at its upper end and sliding on a block 17 and within a cylinder18. There is a through passage 19 in the block 17 and the size of thispassage is regulated by the rise and fall of the pisu, ton 16. As thepiston rises the air passage increases in size and thus permits more airto pass through the carburetor over the nozzle 14. It is shown in thedrawing in its lowest position. A needle valve 2() having a taperedgroove 21 is secured to the piston 16 and isy raised and lowered by 1t.The valve 26 enters the nozzle 14 and thus regulates the nozzle openingin accordance with the size of the air passage 19.

The piston 16 is controlled by the depression in the passage at the leftof the piston 1n the drawing, a connecting passage 22 between thecylinder 18 and the passage 23 above referred to making this controlpossible. It will be understood that the greater the depression inthepassage 23 the higher will be the position of the piston 16.

The passage 23 is shown in direct line with the intake passage l1 of thecylinder block and these two passages are connected by an intermediatepassage 24 so that the passages 11, 24 and 23 may be said to form theintake conduit' or passage of the motor.

The through passage 24 is formed in a casting 25 which also comprisesthe combustion heater for the motor. In this casting is a chamber 26which surrounds the through passage 24 and which communicates with saidpassage through a port 27 arranged in the upper part of the chamber.Thus the suction of the motor intake conduit is communicated to thecombustion chamber 26. The intake end of the chamber 26 is indicated at28, in Fig. 2, and this also is in the upper part of the casting, apartition 29 separating the ends of the chamber so that all of the gasespassing through the chamber are required to pass down around the wallsof the passage 24 and upwardlyv again to the outlet passage 27, thusproviding the greatest amount of heat for the walls of the passage 24. Apartition 30 of which the bolt 31 forms a part is also provided toinsure the gas passing well down to the bottom of the chamber 26 andthus withdrawing any liquid fuel that may at times condense in thechamber. A spark plug 32 is provided for firing the charge as it entersthe combustion chamber.

The carburetor 12 and the casting or spacer 25 are secured directly' tothe cylinder block by two bolts 31 and 33, as shown particularly inFigs. 1 and 2. These bolts, as shown, pass through the combustionchamber 26 and thereby assist in carrying the heatfrom the chamber tothe surrounding walls which enclose the mixture. The bolts arepreferably in the form of studs threaded into the cylinder block andnuts 34 are threaded on their outer ends as the parts `are arranged inplace.

For the best operation of the combustion heater it is desirable that amixture as near as possible to fifteen parts of air to one of gasolineshould be withdrawn from the motor intake conduit. In the arrangement ofthe 'carburetor and the passages above described it has been found thatthe best mixture is obtained at a point somewhat below the middle of theintake conduit, when the throttle valve is substantially closed, and alittle higher up as the valve is opened. This discovery has led to thewithdrawing of'the mixture for the combustion heater through thethrottle valve itself so that the inlet opening of the mixturewithdrawing means will move with the throttle valve. port is alsosubstantially in accord with the raising and lowering of the air controlvalve 15 and the combination of devices provides the combustion heaterwith a substantially perfect mixture at all throttle openings in whichit is effective. In this case it will be understood that the combustionheater has little or no operation will full throttle opening becausepractically all of the mixture will then pass directly through theintake conduit and substantially none of it will be drawn into thecombustion chamber, the depression in the intake conduit being the sameon both sides of the throttle valve.

The motor throttle valve is indicated at 35 and it is arranged in thepassage 23 between the piston 16 and the spacer 25. This part of thepassage is very short and must necessarily be so in order that thecarburetor may not extend away too farfrom the motor. The arrangement ofthe mixture withdrawing means, which is about to be described, in thethrottle valve itself makes a very compact construction and does notrequire the lengthening of this part of the intake passage.

The throttle valve 35 is of the-butterfly type and is diagonallyarranged when it is in its closed position. It is shown nearly closed inFigs. 1 and 3, small passages for the mixture being indicated at 36 and37, between the periphery of the throttle valve and the upper and lowerWalls of the intake conduit.

The butteriy valve is mounted on a spindle 38 which extends through thewall of the conduit and may be manually controlled in the usual way. Thefree end of the spindle, as shown in Fig. 3, extends into an elbowcasting 39 which is secured to the side of the conduit as by one or morescrews 40, and a pipe 41 extends from the elbow 39 to the intake end ofthe combustion chaml ber 26 as shown in the three figures of thedrawings.

The spindle 38 of the throttle valve is drilled out as shown at 42 inFigs. 1 and 3, and transverse passages 43 extend from the passage 42,forming inlet ports for the mixture. The drilled passage 42 of coursecommunicates with the interior of the pipe 41 and-thus the mixturewithdrawn from the This movement of the inletv conduit 23 passes throughthe passages 43 and 42 and through the pipe 41 into the combustionchamber 26 where itis ignited by the s ark plug 32. The burnt gas assesoutwardly through the port 27 into t e in# take conduit 24 and thenmixes with the main volume of intake gases passing to the motor, heatingthose gases by direct contact with them.

.As the throttle valve 35 is opened slightly from the position in whichit is shown in Fig. 1, the inlet ports 43 are raised slightly so thatthey are nearer the middle of the intake pipe and at all times they arein a position to. withdraw mixture from the two streams passing aboveand below the throttle valve, the upper stream usually being thinner orcontaining too great a roportion of air and the lower stream beingricher or containing too much fuel. At the point where the mixture iswithdrawn for the combustion heater the proportions are substantiallyright for ignition.

It will be understood that various forms of the invention other thanthose described above may be used without departing from the spirit orscope of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

1. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the cylinder having anintake passage, of a combustion heater comprising a casting having ahorizontal through passage connecting with the said intake passage, saidcastin also having a chamber surrounding said t rough passage with inletand outlet ports in the upper part of said chamber, means for supplyingmixture to said chamber, and means within said chamber for 105 causingthe gas passing through the chamber to pass well down to the bottom ofthe chamber and thereby withdrawing any liquid fuel that may collect.

2. In a hydrocarbon motor, a combustion 11o heater comprising a castinghaving a through passage for the motor intake Gases, a combustionchamber surrounding said passage, and securing bolts extending throughsaid combustion chamber.

3. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor intakeconduit, and a throttle valve therein, of a combustion heater device,and means for withdrawing mixture from said conduit to supply saiddevice, 12o said means being movable with said throttle valve.

4. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor intakeconduit, of a combustion heater, and a throttle valve having 125 anintake ort for the combustion heater.

5. In a lydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor intakeconduit, of a combustion heater therefor, and a throttle valve havingmeans carried thereby for with- 130 drawing part of the mixture from thecon- 4 duit for supplying said heater.

6. Inv a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor intakeconduit, of a lthrottle valve therein having means, inaddi-4 tion to thepassage which the valve controls,

` for withdrawing part of the mixture from xau said conduit.

7. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination vof a motor intake conduit,of a butterfly throttle `valveI therein having mixture lwithdrawingmeans in' the\valve itself in additionyuto the controls.` y v 8. In ahydrocarbon motor, thecombination with the motor intake conduit, and acombustion heater, of a butterily throttle valve in said conduit and anintake means in said throttle valve `for supplying said heater.

passage which theI valve 9. In. a hydrocarbon motor, the combina` tionwith the intake conduit, of a throttle yvalve therein Aarranged tocontrol two streams of mixture, and mixture withdrawing meansarranged'between the paths of sald streams.

10. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the intake conduit, ofa throttle valve therein arranged to control two streams of mixture, andmixture withdrawing means in the throttle valve. and between the pathsof said streams.

11. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination of a motor intake conduit,of a butterfly throttle valve therein, so arranged that when it is inits nearly closed position-the mixture is divided and part of it passeson one side of the-laxisbf the valve and part of it on the other sidethereof, and mixture withdrawing means arranged to withdraw vmixturefrom afpoint in the zone of the divided mixture.

12. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with `a combustion heater,Vof a throttle valve for the motor'and mixture withdrawin f means for theheater arranged in the axls ofA the throttle valve. 13. In a hydrocarbonmotor, the combination with the motor throttle valve, and a combustionheater, of mixture withdrawing meansfor the combustion heater movablewith thel throttle valve.

slightly below the middle of the intake conduit when the throttle valveis' closed and `substantially in the middle ofthe conduit when thethrottle valve is nearly wide open. In testimony whereof I'atiix. mysignature.

LIONEL M.- wooLsoN.

